VUNESP • São Bernardo do Campo
🔐 Texto de apoio
A number of researchers have studied conversations in English as a Lingua Franca and have noted a number of somewhat surprising characteristics, including:
• Non-use of third person present simple tense -s (She look very sad).
• Interchangeable use of the relative pronouns who and which (a book who, a boy which).
• Omission of articles where they are mandatory in native-speaker English.
• Increasing of redundancy by adding “inexistent” prepositions (We have to study about…, The article treats of…).
• Pluralisation of nouns which are considered uncountable in native-speaker English (informations, staffs).
The evidence suggests that non-native speakers are not conforming to a native English standard. Indeed they seem to get along perfectly well despite the fact that they miss things out and put things in which they ‘should not do’. Not only this, but they are actually better at ‘accommodating’ - that is, negotiating shared meaning through helping each other in a more cooperative way - than, it is suggested, native speakers are when talking to second language speakers (Jenkins 2004). In other words, non-native speakers seem to be better at ELF communication than native speakers are.
🔗 Texto adaptado de:
🔗 (Jeremy Harmer, The practice of English language teaching. Adaptado)
QUESTÃO
A sentence not conforming to a native English standard as the speaker has “put a preposition in” is found in alternative:
Students will be provided with better services with the increase in the quality of education at universities.
Wrongdoings confirmed, several of the country’s newspapers called for the President’s resignation.
Mary’s parents never approve of any of her boyfriends – none of them is ever good enough!
The article focuses on small pieces of advice to help people have a better night’s sleep.
In their weekly meeting, the teachers discussed about the importance of offering students more challenging tasks.
📝 Resolução Comentada – Questão 44
A questão avalia um fenômeno muito comum entre falantes não nativos: o acréscimo desnecessário de preposições após determinados verbos. No próprio texto-base, Jeremy Harmer cita esse fenômeno como uma característica recorrente do English as a Lingua Franca (ELF), ilustrando-o com exemplos como "study about" e "treats of".
Em inglês padrão, alguns verbos já possuem complemento direto e não admitem preposição. Acrescentá-la produz uma construção considerada inadequada na norma-padrão.
- O Comando: identificar a frase em que foi inserida uma preposição indevida ("put a preposition in").
- O Gatilho do Gabarito: reconhecer que o verbo discuss é transitivo direto. Portanto, o correto é discuss something, e não discuss about something.
- Por que é médio? Muitos candidatos transferem para o inglês estruturas existentes no português ("discutir sobre"), produzindo exatamente o erro explorado pela banca.
(A) ❌ Students will be provided with better services...
Incorreta. Provide someone with something é a estrutura correta do verbo provide.
(B) ❌ Newspapers called for the President's resignation.
Incorreta. O phrasal/prepositional verb call for exige naturalmente a preposição for.
(C) ❌ Mary's parents never approve of any of her boyfriends.
Incorreta. O verbo approve exige a preposição of.
(D) ❌ The article focuses on small pieces of advice...
Incorreta. O verbo focus on também exige obrigatoriamente a preposição on.
(E) ✅ The teachers discussed about the importance...
Correta. Há uma preposição indevida. O verbo discuss é transitivo direto e deve ser empregado sem about. A forma correta é:
✔ The teachers discussed the importance...
- Discuss nunca pede about.
- Alguns verbos exigem preposição (approve of, focus on, provide with, call for).
- Outros são transitivos diretos e recebem o objeto imediatamente.
Chunk family:
- Discuss a problem (discutir um problema)
- Approve of (aprovar)
- Focus on (concentrar-se em)
- Provide someone with (fornecer algo a alguém)
- Call for (pedir, exigir)
- Redundant preposition (preposição redundante)
Gabarito Oficial: E